{"id":20859,"date":"2026-07-23T14:34:19","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T12:34:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/"},"modified":"2026-07-23T15:41:21","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T13:41:21","slug":"drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/","title":{"rendered":"Drought in Europe: Record-breaking heat is drying out the soil"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The drought affecting much of Europe in 2026 is<\/strong> not primarily due to a lack of rain. <strong>The main culprit is record-breaking heat<\/strong>, which has turned the atmosphere into a giant \u201csponge,\u201d capable of drawing much more water from the soil and vegetation. This is the conclusion of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldweatherattribution.org\/increasingly-hot-europe-faces-more-severe-droughts-and-growing-challenges-for-water-and-land-management\/\">the new report<\/a> by <strong>World Weather Attribution<\/strong> (WWA), authored by researchers from Austria, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, the Netherlands, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The study shows that, across most of the continent,<strong> the decisive factor in the drought was not the absence of rain, but the increase in evapotranspiration caused by global warming<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-due-europe-due-siccita\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Two Europes, Two Droughts<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The researchers divided the continent into two large areas, each characterized by different dynamics.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Western Europe, from Portugal to southern Finland, soil drought was most prevalent between April and June. An event that used to occur, on average, once every five years is now five times more likely due to climate change. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Eastern Europe, however, the moisture deficit affects the entire January\u2013June period and is exacerbated by the effects of the 2025 drought. Here, an event expected to occur once every fifteen years has become eleven times more likely. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, low precipitation, taken on its own, tells a different story. Such low rainfall remains a relatively rare occurrence (about once every 25 years in Western Europe and once every 30 years in Eastern Europe), but the impact of climate change on precipitation alone is limited. <strong>It is therefore the heat, rather than the lack of rain, that has turned a dry year into an exceptional water crisis<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-la-vera-anomalia-e-la-sete-dell-atmosfera\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The real anomaly is the atmosphere&#8217;s &#8220;thirst&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The study\u2019s most innovative finding concerns<strong>potential evapotranspiration<\/strong> (PET)\u2014that is, the amount of water that the atmosphere is capable of drawing from the soil and vegetation when high temperatures, wind, and low humidity accelerate evaporation. In other words, <strong>it measures the air\u2019s \u201cthirst.\u201d<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Western Europe, weather conditions so conducive to evaporation were considered exceptional, with a return period of about fifty years.  <strong>Today, they are 80 times more likely to occur and about 7% more intense.<\/strong>  In Eastern Europe, where similar events once had a return period of about five years, the probability has increased 40-fold, with an intensity that is about 8% higher.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The result is that a combination of relatively low precipitation and high evaporation\u2014which in the past would have caused a moderate drought in Western Europe and a severe one in Eastern Europe\u2014 <strong>now produces exceptional conditions in the west and extreme conditions in the east<\/strong>, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/droughtmonitor.unl.edu\/\">US Drought Monitor<\/a> classification adopted by the researchers.<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-con-altri-1-4-c-il-rischio-aumentera-ancora\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">With another 1.4 \u00b0C, the risk will increase even further<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Climate simulations do not leave much room for optimism. With a further increase in global temperature of 1.4 \u00b0C, the likelihood of weather conditions conducive to intense evaporation in Western Europe would increase about tenfold, while the risk of soil moisture deficits would double, despite a decline in spring rainfall expected only in some areas. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Eastern Europe, the situation is even more significant. Models actually predict an increase in precipitation during the January\u2013June period, but the heat is expected to cause evapotranspiration to rise so rapidly that soil moisture deficits will still be 1.7 times more likely. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The study\u2019s message is clear: in a warmer climate, a drastic decrease in rainfall is not necessary to cause a severe drought. It is enough for the atmosphere to become warm enough to draw much more water from the soil than it can retain. <\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-gli-effetti-sono-gia-evidenti\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The effects are already evident<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The economic consequences are already evident<\/strong>. The report cites record crop losses, including <strong>the worst corn harvest recorded in France in the last fifty years and <\/strong>more than one million hectares of farmland damaged in Romania. As for wildfires, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/forest-fire.emergency.copernicus.eu\/\">EFFIS<\/a> data, <strong>approximately 116,000 hectares in Spain and 42,000 hectares in France have already been destroyed by fire<\/strong>, while numerous countries have imposed restrictions on water use and experienced difficulties with river transport and hydroelectric power generation.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In terms of public policy, many countries are strengthening tools such as agricultural insurance, social protection systems against climate shocks, and European emergency funds. However, the report emphasizes that the European Union\u2019s Water Framework Directive does not yet require member states to adopt comprehensive drought management plans, resulting in a wide disparity in preparedness among different countries. According to the authors, the future European Strategy for Water Resilience could provide an opportunity to address this gap.  <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the first time, World Weather Attribution quantifies the role of evapotranspiration: global warming has made weather conditions capable of drying out the soil up to 80 times more likely. Rainfall shortages play a smaller role than previously thought <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":20860,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowscnaCw:productID":"","_app_feed_target":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1597],"tags":[1892,1725,1840,2306],"class_list":["post-20859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-crisis","tag-drought","tag-europe","tag-extreme-heat","tag-heat-emergency"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.5 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Drought in Europe: Record-breaking heat is drying out the soil &#8226; Ultima Bozza<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"For the first time, World Weather Attribution quantifies the role of evapotranspiration: global warming has made weather conditions capable of drying out the soil up to 80 times more likely. Rainfall shortages play a smaller role than previously thought\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Drought in Europe: Record-breaking heat is drying out the soil &#8226; Ultima Bozza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"For the first time, World Weather Attribution quantifies the role of evapotranspiration: global warming has made weather conditions capable of drying out the soil up to 80 times more likely. Rainfall shortages play a smaller role than previously thought\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ultima Bozza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ultimabozza\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-23T12:34:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-23T13:41:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/siccita-2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"2400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Riccardo Liguori\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ultimabozza\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ultimabozza\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Riccardo Liguori\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Riccardo Liguori\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/831c7f9e2ea1901e1b151a723305668e\"},\"headline\":\"Drought in Europe: Record-breaking heat is drying out the soil\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-23T12:34:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-23T13:41:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/\"},\"wordCount\":759,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/siccita-2.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"drought\",\"europe\",\"extreme heat\",\"heat emergency\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Climate Crisis\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"copyrightYear\":\"2026\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/\",\"name\":\"Drought in Europe: Record-breaking heat is drying out the soil &#8226; Ultima Bozza\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/en\/drought-in-europe-record-breaking-heat-is-drying-out-the-soil\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ultimabozza.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/siccita-2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-23T12:34:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-23T13:41:21+00:00\",\"description\":\"For the first time, World Weather Attribution quantifies the role of evapotranspiration: global warming has made weather conditions capable of drying out the soil up to 80 times more likely. 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